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Dr. Karl Marx: WORKERS OF ALL COUNTRIES UNITE!
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MILTON FRIEDMAN what saul alinsky never told obama
Barack Obama and the Strategy of Manufactured (Generated) Crisis
Glenn Beck, Cloward-Piven Strategy, New Republic Series #1
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Glenn Beck-11-03-09-B
Glenn Beck-11-03-09-C
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Glenn Beck-11-03-09-E
Glenn Beck presents the Obama National Anthem
Background Articles and Videos
Friedman and Sowell on Equality
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Barack Obama; Saul Alinsky and Rules For Radicals Part 2 Of 3
Barack Obama; Saul Alinsky and Rules For Radicals Part 3 Of 3
Unstoppable Solar Cycles
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Greenhouse Gases
CO2 is a trace gas.
Greenhouse Gases
“…Greenhouse gases are gases in an atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect.[1] The main greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. In our solar system, the atmospheres of Venus, Mars and Titan also contain gases that cause greenhouse effects. Greenhouse gases greatly affect the temperature of the Earth; without them, Earth’s surface would be on average about 33°C (59°F) colder than at present.[2][3][4][5]
Human activities since the start of the industrial era around 1750 have increased the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
In order, Earth’s most abundant greenhouse gases are:
- water vapor
- carbon dioxide
- methane
- nitrous oxide
- ozone
- CFCs
The contribution to the greenhouse effect by a gas is affected by both the characteristics of the gas and its abundance. For example, on a molecule-for-molecule basis methane is about eight times stronger greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide[6], but it is present in much smaller concentrations so that its total contribution is smaller. When these gases are ranked by their contribution to the greenhouse effect, the most important are:[7]
- water vapor, which contributes 36–72%
- carbon dioxide, which contributes 9–26%
- methane, which contributes 4–9%
- ozone, which contributes 3–7%
It is not possible to state that a certain gas causes an exact percentage of the greenhouse effect. This is because some of the gases absorb and emit radiation at the same frequencies as others, so that the total greenhouse effect is not simply the sum of the influence of each gas. The higher ends of the ranges quoted are for each gas alone; the lower ends account for overlaps with the other gases.[8][9] The major non-gas contributor to the Earth’s greenhouse effect, clouds, also absorb and emit infrared radiation and thus have an effect on radiative properties of the greenhouse gases.[9][8]
In addition to the main greenhouse gases listed above, other greenhouse gases include sulfur hexafluoride, hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons (see IPCC list of greenhouse gases). Some greenhouse gases are not often listed. For example, nitrogen trifluoride has a high global warming potential (GWP) but is only present in very small quantities.[10]
Scientists who have elaborated on Arrhenius’s theory of global warming are concerned that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are causing an unprecedented rise in global temperatures, with potentially harmful consequences for the environment and human health.[11] Although contributing to many other physical and chemical reactions, the major atmospheric constituents, nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), and argon (Ar), are not greenhouse gases. This is because molecules containing two atoms of the same element such as N2 and O2 and monatomic molecules such as Ar have no net change in their dipole moment when they vibrate and hence are almost totally unaffected by infrared light. Although molecules containing two atoms of different elements such as carbon monoxide (CO) or hydrogen chloride (HCl) absorb IR, these molecules are short-lived in the atmosphere owing to their reactivity and solubility. As a consequence they do not contribute significantly to the greenhouse effect and are not often included when discussing greenhouse gases.
Late 19th century scientists experimentally discovered that N2 and O2 did not absorb infrared radiation (called, at that time, “dark radiation”) and that water as a vapour and in cloud form, CO2 and many other gases did absorb such radiation. It was recognized in the early 20th century that the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere caused the Earth’s overall temperature to be higher than it would be without them. …”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas
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